Magma Chamber: A pocket that magma collects in beneath a volcano Pipe: A long tube in the ground that connects magma chamber to the surface of the earth Vent: An opening where molten rock+gas leave the volcano Lava Flow: The area covered by lava as it flows out of a vent Crater: Bowl-shaped bend in land that might form at the top of a volcano, around its central vent Silica: A material formed from the elements silicon and oxygen Pahoehoe: A fast/quick moving hot lava Aa: A cool and slow moving lava Active: Volcano that's erupting or is showing signals of erupting soon Dormant: A sleeping volcano that is kind of like a sleeping bear Extinct: A dead volcano, most likely won't erupt soon Hot Spring: Forms when groundwater heated b a nearby body of magma rises to surface and collects in a natural pool Geothermal Energy: Clean, dependable energy source given by water heated by magma
Outline
How Magma Reaches The Earth's Surface
Lava begins as magma in mantle
Magma forms in asthenosphere, which is under great pressure
Magma Rises
Liquid magma is less dense than surrounding solid material
So magma flows upwards into any cracks in rocks above until it reaches surface
It can also get trapped beneath layers of rock
A Volcanoe Erupts
Dissolved gases trapped in magma are under extreme pressure
Like carbon dioxide in soda bottle
As magma rises toward surface, pressure decreases.
Dissolved gases begin to seperate out, forming bubbles
Volcano erupts when an opening develops in the weak rock on surface
During volcanic erruption, gases rush out, carrying magma with them
Once magma reaches surface and becomes lava, gases bubble out
Table of Contents
3.2 Volcanic Activity
Vocabulary
Magma Chamber: A pocket that magma collects in beneath a volcano
Pipe: A long tube in the ground that connects magma chamber to the surface of the earth
Vent: An opening where molten rock+gas leave the volcano
Lava Flow: The area covered by lava as it flows out of a vent
Crater: Bowl-shaped bend in land that might form at the top of a volcano, around its central vent
Silica: A material formed from the elements silicon and oxygen
Pahoehoe: A fast/quick moving hot lava
Aa: A cool and slow moving lava
Active: Volcano that's erupting or is showing signals of erupting soon
Dormant: A sleeping volcano that is kind of like a sleeping bear
Extinct: A dead volcano, most likely won't erupt soon
Hot Spring: Forms when groundwater heated b a nearby body of magma rises to surface and collects in a natural pool
Geothermal Energy: Clean, dependable energy source given by water heated by magma
Outline
How Magma Reaches The Earth's Surface
- Lava begins as magma in mantle
- Magma forms in asthenosphere, which is under great pressure
Magma Rises- Liquid magma is less dense than surrounding solid material
- So magma flows upwards into any cracks in rocks above until it reaches surface
- It can also get trapped beneath layers of rock
A Volcanoe EruptsInside A Volcano
- All volcanoes have a pocket
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